SC2i is dedicated to making concrete contributions to critical care medicine. One important method of doing so is by sharing our research through quality peer-reviewed journals.
SC2I Publications

2018
Toll-like receptor activation as a biomarker in traumatically injured patients. J Surg Res. 2018 Nov. 231: p. 270-277. Pubmed id: 30278940.
Combat-Related Invasive Fungal Infections: Development of a Clinically Applicable Clinical Decision Support System for Early Risk Stratification. Mil Med. 2018 Aug 14. Pubmed id: 30124943.
Battlefield to Bedside: Bringing Precision Medicine to Surgical Care. J Am Coll Surg. 2018 Jun. 226(6): p.1093-1102. Pubmed id: 29653881.
An Interpretable Machine Learning Model for Accurate Prediction of Sepsis in the ICU. Crit Care Med. 2018 Apr. 46(4): p. 547-553. Pubmed id: 29286945.
The Uniformed Services University’s Surgical Critical Care Initiative (SC2i): Bringing Precision Medicine to the Critically Ill Military Medicine. 2018 Apr. 183 p. 487-495. Pubmed id: 29635571.
2017
Towards precision medicine: Accurate predictive modeling of infectious complications in combat casualties. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017 Oct. 83(4): p. 609-616. Pubmed id: 28538622.
Measuring the Impact of a Big Data Decision Support Tool on Military Logistics: Medical Analytics Meets the Mission. Defense Acquisition and Research Journal. 2017 Jul. 24
Nucleic acid scavenging microfiber mesh inhibits trauma-induced inflammation and thrombosis Biomaterials. 2017 Mar. 120 p. 94-102. Pubmed id: 28049065.
Dismounted Complex Blast Injury Patterns: A Review of Current Management and Outcome Literature. International Review of the Armed Forces Medical Services. 2017. 90(1).
2016
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs May Affect Cytokine Response and Benefit Healing of Combat-Related Extremity Wounds. Surgery. 2016 Dec 3. 161(4): p. 1164-1173. Pubmed id: 27919449.
Precision Medicine for Critical Illness and Injury. Crit Care Med. 2016 Sep. 44(9): p. 1635-8. Pubmed id: 27525993.
Precision Diagnosis: a View of the Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) Landscape Through the Lens of Critical Care. J Clin Monit Comput. 2016 Feb 22. 31(2): p. 261-271. Pubmed id: 26902081.
2015
Lessons of War: Turning Data Into Decisions. EBioMedicine. 2015 Jul 17. 2(9): p. 1235-42. Pubmed id: 26501123.
2014
Do Inflammatory Markers Portend Heterotopic Ossification and Wound Failure in Combat Wounds? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 May 31. 472(9): p 2845-54. Pubmed id: 24879568.
Transfemoral Amputations: Is There an Effect of Residual Limb Length and Orientation on Energy Expenditure? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Apr 22. 472(10): p. 3055-61. Pubmed id: 24752912.
Fluid Collections in Amputations Are Not Indicative or Predictive of Infection. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Apr 2.472(10): p. 2978-83. Pubmed id: 24691841.
Osteogenic gene expression correlates with development of heterotopic ossification in war wounds. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Feb.472(2): p. 396-404. Pubmed id: 24136804.
Proteomic sample preparation for blast wound characterization. Proteome Sci. 2014 Feb. 12(1): p. 10. Pubmed id: 24529238.
2013
Help is in your pocket: the potential accuracy of smartphone-and laptop based remotely guided resuscitative telesonography. Telemed J E Health. 2013 Dec. 19(12): p. 924-30. Pubmed id: 24138615.
Raman spectroscopic analysis of combat-related heterotopic ossification development. Bone. 2013 Dec. 57(2): p. 335-42. Pubmed id: 24012700.
Wound outcome in combat injuries is associated with a unique set of protein biomarkers. J Transl Med. 2013 Nov. 11(1): p. 281. Pubmed id: 24192341.
The impact of a mature massive transfusion protocol (1:1:1) on major hepatic injuries: does it increase abdominal closure rates? Can J Surg. 2013 Oct. 56(5): p. 128-34. Pubmed id: 24067528.
Let technology do the work: improving prediction of massive transfusion with the aid of a smartphone app. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013 Oct. 75(4): p. 669-75. Pubmed id: 24064881.
Remote group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal fascitis and myositis: a rare complication from hematogenous spread of streptococcal pharyngitis. Am Surg. 2013 Sep. 79(9): p. 296-7. Pubmed id: 24069966.
Implications of combat casualty care for mass casualty events. JAMA. 2013 Aug. 310(5): p. 475-6. Pubmed id: 23925612.
Bilateral lower-extremity amputation wounds are associated with distinct local and systemic cytokine response. Surgery. 2013 Aug. 154(2): p. 282. Pubmed id: 23889954.
Amnion-derived multipotent progenitor cells support allograft tolerance induction. Am J Transplant. 2013 Jun. 13(6): p. 1416-28. Pubmed id: 23651511.
A Model to Predict Limb Salvage in Severe Combat-related Open Calcaneus Fractures Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013 Nov 19.
2012
Prophylactic antibiotic use in penetrating abdominal trauma: an eastern association for the surgery of trauma practice management guideline. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012 Nov. 73(5 Supp 4): p. 321-5. Pubmed id: 23114488.
Inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression is associated with heterotopic ossification in high-energy penetrating war injuries. J Orthop Trauma. 2012 Nov. 26(11): p. 204-13. Pubmed id: 22588530.
Initial predictors associated with outcome in injured multiple traumatic limb amputations: a Kandahar-based combat hospital experience. J Orthop Trauma. 2012 Oct. 43(10): p. 1753-8. Pubmed id: 22840556.
Lymphocyte depletion in experimental hemorrhagic shock in swine. J Inflamm (Lond). 2012 Sep. 9(1): p.34. Pubmed id: 23009382.
Nocturnal violence: implications for resident trauma operative experiences. Am Surg. 2012 Jun. 78(6): p. 657-62. Pubmed id: 22643260.
Outcomes after massive transfusion in non-trauma patients in the era of damage control resuscitation. Am Surg. 2012 Jun. 78(6): p. 679-84. Pubmed id: 22643264.
Ventilator associated pneumonia rates at major trauma centers compared with a national benchmark: a multi-institutional study of the AAST. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012 May. 72(5): p. 1165-73. Pubmed id: 22673241.
Lymphocyte modulation with FTY720 improves hemorrhagic shock survival in swine. PLos One. 2012 Apr. 7(4). Pubmed id: 22558085.
Base deficit as a marker of survival after traumatic injury: consistent across changing patient populations and resuscitation paradigms. J Trauma Acute Care. 2012 Apr. 72(4): p.844-51. Pubmed id: 22491595.
Vibrational spectroscopy: a tool being developed for the noninvasive monitoring of wound healing. J Biomed Opt. 2012 Jan. 17(1). Pubmed id: 22352634.
Complex dismounted IED blast injuries: the initial management of bilateral lower extremity amputations with and without pelvic and perineal involvement. J Surg Orthop. 2012. 21(1): p. 14-Aug. Pubmed id: 22381505.
Bayesian modeling of pretransplant variables accurately predicts kidney graft survival. Am J Nephrol. 2012. 36(6): p. 561-9. Pubmed id: 23221105.
Resuscitation and blood utilization guidelines for the multiply injured, multiple amputee. J Surg Orthop. 2012. 21(1): p. 15-21. Pubmed id: 22381506.
2011
Incidence of pulmonary embolus in combat casualties with extremity amputations and fractures. J Trauma. 2011 Sep. 71(3): p. 607-12. Pubmed id: 21908998.
The effects of protocolized use of recombinant factor vlla within a massive transfusion protocol in a civilian level 1 trauma center. Am Surg. 2011 Aug. 77(8): p. 1043-9.
Heterotopic ossification in complex orthopaedic combat wounds: quantification and characterization of osteogenic precursor cell activity in traumatized muscle. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011 Jun. 93(12): p. 1122-31. Pubmed id: 21776549.
Advanced en-route critical care during combat operations. Bull Am Coll Surg. 2011 May. 96(5): p. 21-9. Pubmed id: 22312820.
Uncrossmatched Blood transfusion for trauma patients in the emergency department: incidence, outcomes and recommendations. Can J Surg. 2011 Apr. 54(2): p. 115-5. Pubmed id: 21251416.
Torso vascular trauma in an urban level-1 trauma center. Perspect Vasc Surg Endovasc Ther. 2011 Mar. 23(1): p. 36-46.
Biomarkers to predict wound healing: the future of complex war wound management. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011 Jan. 127(Suppl): p. 21S-26S. Pubmed id: 21200268.
Development of a prognostic naive bayesian classifier for successful treatment of nonunions. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011 Jan. 93(2): p. 187-94. Pubmed id: 21248216.
Developing a toolbox for analysis of warrior wound biopsies: vibrational spectroscopy. Proc SPIE. 2011.
The inflammatory response in combat wounds is associated with critical colonization. Surg Infection. 2011. Pubmed id: 21936666.
Incidence of pulmonary embolus in patients with high energy wartime extremity wounds. J Trauma. 2011.
2010
Heterotopic ossification following combat-related trauma. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Dec. 92(Suppl 2): p. 74-89. Pubmed id: 21123594.
The Impact of country and culture of end-of-life care for injured patients: results of an international survey. J Trauma. 2010 Dec. 69(6): p. 1323-34. Pubmed id: 21045742.
Incidence, predictors, costs, and outcome of renal cell carcinoma after kidney transplantation: USRDS experience. Transplantation. 2010 Oct. 90(8): p. 898-904. Pubmed id: 21248500.
The majority of U.S. combat casualty soft tissue wounds are not infected or colonized upon arrival or during treatment at a continental United States military medical facility. Am J Surg. 2010 Oct. 200(4): p. 489-95. Pubmed id: 20887842.
Probabilistic (Bayesian) modeling of gene expression in transplant glomerulopathy. J Mol Diagn. 2010 Sep. 12(5): p. 653-63. Pubmed id: 20688906.
Occult pneumothoraces in victims of penetrating trauma: does mechanism matter? Can J Surg. 2010 Aug. 53(4): p. 251-5.
Biomarker use in tailored combat casualty care. Biomark Med. 2010 Jun. 4(3): p. 465-73. Pubmed id: 20550480.
Monitoring the healing of combat wounds using raman spectroscopic mapping. Wound Repair Regen. 2010 Jun. Pubmed id: 20546554.
Thoracic needle decompression for tension pneumothoraces: clinical correlation with catheter length. Can J Surg. 2010 Jun. 53(3): p. 184-8.
Outcome of ligation of the inferior vena cava in the modern era. Am J Surg. 2010 Apr. 199(4): p. 500-6. Pubmed id: 20074694.
Early predictors of Massive Transfusion in Patients Sustaining Torso Gunshot Wounds in A Civilian Level I Trauma Center. J Trauma. 2010 Feb. 68(2): p. 298-304. Pubmed id: 20154541.
Increased number of coagulation products in relationship to red blood cell products transfused improves mortality in trauma patients. Transfusion. 2010 Feb. 50(2): p. 493-500. Pubmed id: 19804568.
Development of a bayesian model to estimate health care outcomes in severely wounded. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. 2010. 2010(3): p. 125-35. Pubmed id: 21197361.
2009
Inflammatory biomarkers in combat wound healing. Ann Surg. 2009 Dec. 250(6): p. 1002-7.
Matrix metalloprotease (MMP) expression is associated with wound failure in traumatic war injuries. J Surg Res. 2009 Sep. Pubmed id: 20056248.
Perioperative blood transfusions in combat casualties: a pilot study. J Trauma. 2009 Apr. 66(4): p. 150-6. Pubmed id: 19359959.
Heterotopic ossification in high-energy wartime extremity injuries, prevalence and risk factors. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009. 91(5): p. 1084-91. Pubmed id: 19411456.
2008
Correlation of procalcitonin and cytokine expression with dehiscence of wartime extremity wounds. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008 Mar. 90(3): p. 580-8. Pubmed id: 18310708.
2006
Solid Organ Transplantation at the National Institutes of Health: Development of a Research Based Transplantation Practice In: Cecka and Terasaki, editors. Clinical Transplants 2005. Los: UCLA Tissue Typing Laboratory; 2006. 131-144. Pubmed id: 17424731.